Intellectualism In Crime And Punishment By Fyodor Dostoyevsky

â€Å"Intellectualism is the view that regards the intellect as superior to the will, and that the intellect is the basic factor, both in the universe and in human conduct.† Intellectualism, accompanied by pride, can often cause one to isolate themselves from those they view to be of lesser worth. Those who think highly of themselves tend to believe they can do things that are socially unacceptable in the eyes of others because they believe the moral standards set to guide humanity don’t apply to them. The often justify this with the belief they are doing what’s for the greater good. A prime example of this manifests in the novel Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoyevsky. The main character, Raskolnikov, illustrates how one’s pride and†¦show more content†¦He attempts to justify the murder of Alyona because she is a burden to those living in St. Petersburg, however, this contradicts his reasoning for killing Lizaveta, as he had only killed her s o he wouldn’t get caught. Upon completing the crime and nearly getting away with it, Raskolnikov does not feel the sense of achievement he expected. After murdering Alyona and Lizaveta Ivanovna, Raskolnikov is tormented by the vast sense of guilt he feels. His guilt is most notable when it was pointed out by Zossimov who notes that at the mention of the murders alone seems to visibly affect Raskolnikov. He also almost nearly confesses to the crime multiple times, once in Part II: Chapter VI, to a police inspector. He also seems to faint at the mention of the murders, this occurring a multitude of times, once in Part II: Chapter I and again in Part III: Chapter III. Throughout Part II: Chapters I-VI Raskolnikov suffers delirium, weakness, and anxiety. This entire scenario is proving to take a toll on his mental state and physical well being. It also shows that he is not apart of the â€Å"superman echelon† mentioned in his article On Crime. It does show how he lacks th e mere self control it takes to prevent himself from being caught. He has an ongoing struggle between wanting avoid suspicion and wanting to confess. This internal conflict causes him to act in an unstable manner, sometimes trying to come off as innocent and otherShow MoreRelated Dostoevskys The Brothers Karamazov and Crime and Punishment3948 Words   |  16 PagesGod Answers the Questions Presented by Dostoevskys The Brothers Karamazov and Crime and Punishment  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   In Dostoevskys novels pain and some heavy burden of the inevitability of human suffering and helplessness form Russia. And he depicts it not with white gloves on, nor through the blisters of the peasant, but through people who are close to him and his realities: city people who either have faith, or secular humanists who are so remote from reality that even when they love humanity

The Importance of Chariot Racing for the Romans Essays

The Importance of Chariot Racing for the Romans Racing has been a pastime for humans ever since we were able to tame animals and since we have had the technology to allowed us. There are so many forms of racing in the world today that have been shaped through hundreds and thousands of years. What is it that attracts us to racing? Is it the speed, potential crashes or even just the atmosphere? To answer this question many things have to be considered. To start with lets look at the start of the Rome, at the first celebration of the Consualia in honour of Consus (an ancient god of agriculture) the rape of the Sabine Women is believed to have happened. Romulus (founder of Rome) held chariot races†¦show more content†¦They had plays, gladiators, sports both aggressive and non-aggressive like wrestling and running other than this there was only really music and art. Now think about how many types we have, it is significantly larger than What the Romans had. However, if you ask someone how important say F1 racing was to them theyd probably say not too important but that is because we all have different acquired tastes. Back then you had too like what was on offer otherwise you would have nothing! However there was still some resistance to the entertainment on offer to the Romans, Pliny the Younger complains that chariot racing is exactly the same all the time, he then expresses his frustration at the people who do like it because they only like it because of the type of team It wouldnt be so bad if they appreciated the horses speed or drivers skill. But all they see is the colour of the tunic. Some direct evidence of the Roman way of life getting progressively involved in entertainment is that gradually the amount of days dedicated to games per year rose quite significantly. By 100 BC, six games had been held. In total this numbered about forty-nine days dedicated to games per year,by the end of the second century the number of days per year had reached one hundred thirty-five. Thats not far from almost tripling in days over the space of 100Show MoreRelatedMain Functions of the Games in Ancient Rome Essay1337 Words   |  6 Pagesmain kinds of games that took place in ancient Rome were those of ludi scaenici (theatre and plays) and those of ludi circenses (sports). This evaluation of Roman games will concentrate on the sports side of Roman entertainment due to their much higher popularity i.e. chariot racing and the gladiators. Chariot racing is one of the oldest spectator sports in Rome dating back to at least 6BC. The races started to celebrate religious festivals, the very first recorded oneRead More Rome Ruled The World Essay696 Words   |  3 Pageswho knew little about the Roman Empire, the opportunity to catch up, and a person, who knew quite a bit, more details. Although this book was just an overview of what happened, it sets up what would later happen over the course of history. While a good learning guide for beginners in Roman history, this book expected people to know some of events before its time period. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;What life was Like When Rome Ruled the World emphasized the importance of social class. It was highlyRead MoreSports And Sports Of The Roman Empire1362 Words   |  6 Pageshotspot for Roman entertainment. The Roman citizens considered the games to be thrilling and anticipated them highly. The book The Colosseum states, â€Å"Sports played an essential part in the Roman Empire. With their ability to assimilate, the Romans transformed the ritual nature of Greek sports into a spectator entertainment†. The Romans, by turning Greek sports into spectator sports, influenced these sports by including their ideal values and virtues. The athletes and sports of the Roman Colosseum wereRead MoreAncient Roman Art Of Entertainment1561 Words   |  7 PagesAncient Roman Entertainment The art of entertainment held many significant influences within the Ancient Roman society. Though it is known that certain means to achieve such spectacles were vicious and cruel, it ultimately satisfied the Roman peoples need for pleasure and excitement. Public displays varied from chariot races, musical and theatrical performances, to the more gruesome acts of wild beast hunts, gladiatorial games, and public executions. Most of the Romans daily leisure activitiesRead MoreOlympic Games Essay1184 Words   |  5 Pages Athletics were of immense importance to the Greeks. The first Olympic Games were made up of only foot races and later through the centuries expanded to include wrestling, javelin hurling, discus throwing, boxing, jumping, chariot racing, horse riding, the pankration and the pentathlon. The period of competition gradually expanded to five days and the festivals to one month. The foot races included four types of racing. The stadion was the oldest event in which runners sprintedRead MoreHorses in Ancient Greece2985 Words   |  12 PagesHorses in Ancient Greece When thinking back to the ancient times, the thought of the great chariot races will inevitably enter a persons mind. Horses were not only used for this spectacular and dangerous event in early times, but they were used and worshipped as so much more. The Greeks saw horses as a symbol of speed, competition, and human mastery over nature. They were viewed as an animal worthy of much respect and necessary tool for the Greeks competitive personalities. Horses were anRead MoreSimilarities Between Roman And Roman Cinema1506 Words   |  7 PagesNumerous influences established Roman theatrical entertainment. Etruscan and Greek antecedent are what predominantly shaped ancient Roman entertainment. Etruscans were people who lived in modern day Tuscany and parts of Umbria (Beacham, 1991). Rome inherited all attributes of the Etruscan religious festivals, where various theatrical performances were given, ranging from acting to chariot racing. For instance these carnival-like festivals occ urred to please the gods though theatrical offerings. AnotherRead MoreThe Olympic Games Of Ancient Greek Athletics1273 Words   |  6 Pagesof the four great ancient Greek athletic festivals. The height of the Olympic Games occurs between the fifth and fourth centuries B.C. During this period, the games became more and more professionalized until they provoked much censure during the Roman period (Miller). This is somewhat similar to the present day games where the competitors are supposed to be amateurs, but many are professionals at their craft. Take for example the United States basketball squad. For decades this team has consistedRead MoreAncient Roman And The Roman Empire1236 Words   |  5 Pagesengineering. The Roman Colosseum, constructed in 79 AD, is a visual representation of the importance of physical strength and military proficiency in Ancient Roman civilization, this is because it was constructed to revel Rome’s military accomplishments and to provide entertainment for Roman citizens. Many events prompted the construction of the Roman Colosseum. Many historical events led to the construction of the Colosseum. The Colosseum was built to celebrate how the Roman army succeeded inRead MoreThe Ancient Olympic Games1108 Words   |  5 PagesThe Ancient Olympic Games is a series of competitions held between representatives of several city-states from Ancient Greece, which featured mainly athletic but also combat and chariot racing events.[1] The origin of these Olympics is shrouded in mystery and legend.[2] One of the most popular myths identifies Heracles and his father Zeus as the progenitors of the Games.[3][4][5] According to legend, it was Heracles who first called the Games Olympic and established the custom of holding them every

Areas of Knowledge-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignmenthelp.com

Quesition: "Whithout the assumption of the existence of uniformities there can be no knowledge". Discuss this claim with reference to two areas of knowledge. Answer: Knowledge refers to the things which are authentic and genuine in contrast to opinion. Information is considered as appropriate to knowledge which can be always backed up by evidence. A statement cannot be considered as knowledge if it is not supported by evidence. Simply, knowledge can be regarded as the facts, information and skills which are acquired either through prior experience or education and the theoretical or practical accepting of the subject. In this assignment, the two areas of knowledge will be analyzed to throw light on the statement, without the assumption of the existence of uniformities there can be no knowledge. Theory of knowledge plays a major role by providing an opportunity to reflect on the nature of knowledge and how the knowledge is gathered based on information. By delving deep into the purposeful enquiry into the different areas of knowledge, TOK or theory of knowledge consists of questions only. The primary question will be how do we know? and others inc lude what counts as evidence? How do we judge? What does the theory mean? Theory of knowledge or TOK helps in thinking to a real- life situation, while the essay takes the shape of a more conceptual beginning. It can be taken for instance that the essay can ask for claims that the methodologies were used for reproducing knowledge and dependent on the use of knowledge. The theory of knowledge intends to make us aware of the interpretation underlying in knowledge which includes personal ideological biases and those can be retained, revised or rejected. The theory of knowledge The areas of knowledge put stress on the division and categorization of knowledge that is possessed. There are eight areas of knowledge but for the sake of the given claim, religious knowledge and indigenous knowledge are the two significant points of discussion. Ferguson had written in his article that the line connecting religious freedom and discrimination is vague and often debatable. As per the common saying, religious knowledge is the belief and faith in God or an extreme power. R eligion is an integral part of many humans lives as it provides with the opportunity to learn about various thinking processes and the reason behind the global diversity in the society. With respect to religion, the knowledge question might be the arguments between the inseparability of ethics and religion and the extent to which knowledge about religion can be gained apart from faith. It has been mentioned in "WHAT IS RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE ? 22 Aug 1941 The Spectator Archive" that there are various expressions of religious ideas with regard to music, architecture, painting, literature and sculpture. In terms of scope, religious knowledge has a number of common features such as holy books, places of worship, followers, sacred sense and so on. While applying the religious ideas, it can affect the behavior for further scrutinizing the role of religion and ethics. In terms of concept, language can be considered for depicting the elements and theories which are common to all religions s uch as prayer and worship. Again in terms of historical development, focus can be given on the origin and development of the religious knowledge system to consider the timely development of religious ideas. It can be contradicted that the religious knowledge system can pose an important effect on the personal knowledge of individuals (Wiebe). The other area of knowledge, i.e. indigenous knowledge refers to the knowledge system that is developed by the community in contradiction to the scientific knowledge. The indigenous knowledge forms the base for local level decision making within many communities. The knowledge that is inherent of the region or tradition is also termed as modern knowledge. The knowledge is applied in the form of indigenous methods such as weather forecasting by the farmers planning activities. This knowledge is passed on from one generation to the other generally by word of mouth or cultural rituals which form the basis for agriculture, health, education and many more. The people who use indigenous knowledge have an idea on sustainable living. The main objective behind using this knowledge is to appreciate the indigenous perspectives on the methods of combined living and using sustainable resources. This particular knowledge is embedded within the local communities which are crucial for subsistence an d survival (Kovach). The statement that is made by Mulkay in his book that knowledge bears a long history. It can be considered appropriate in relation with the given claim. There is no knowledge without the assumption of existence of uniformities and it is also a very important part of cognition. Moreover, existence of language is also impossible without the existence of uniformities. Language which is composed of words picks out classes instead of any particular entity. For instance, with the mention of a specific term such as dog, a variety of the same species is referred who share the same common features. Therefore, all the items in the specific category are uniform in some way or the other. The characteristics can be specified with the addition of qualifiers or adjectives but these specific words are counted as categories. Therefore the common characteristic such as color is only used in language as it is perceivable in various situations and circumstances. In the science of knowledge, such charact eristics are known as concepts, universals or invariant representations. The last term out of the three is preferable as it forms a bridge between idea and knowledge. Such simple idea can be one of the strong ideas in science as it leads the society to seek for invariants in the universe. The human brains also let the individuals find and make invariants in the n the world as well as within them. It was argued by Ostrom that similar situations occur on diverse scales and the issues in commonness are no more settled by many individuals. There are certain types of knowledge that the brain tackles which do not involve language and sometimes not even uniformities. Another point that can be taken into consideration is that the cognitive processes of young people might involve such kinds of knowledge which will not be understood by the others. In the brain of the human beings, the process of viewing and remembering is compared to the system of anything stored beforehand in the memory. The content of the memories can be either true or false and are used as a substitute for the new memories. But it can be mentioned that there are few memories which are basic in form and that is the place where the memories of childhood is present. Fowler mentioned that in the human brain there is no empty space to include new ideas but that is not the same in case of children. Children have empty neurons and circuits where the memory can be stored. The individuals are born with plenty of neurons and most of those are used in the childhood for storing the incidents of lives. It can be mentioned that when the individual reaches in his teens the unused part of his neurons gradually wearies off. In the early life of an individual he is able to learn from knowledge that is not associated to the existing knowledge as there are spare neurons for doing the task of depiction. He individuals do not realize the formation of his childhood memories but it can be assured that the childhood knowledge does not involve words. However, the non- verbal memories or knowledge might have little contribution in the adults life and these same memories are the one that can be verbalized or easily thought about (Greco). There is a possibility that very early memories are not dependent on the existence of uniformities. Moreover, the individuals should not be assumptive with the insistence that the uniformities do not exist as there is not much knowledge about the operation of childhood or adult memories. When the adult moves way from the phase of childhood, the hypothetical memories can be a substitute for the future memories so that the experience of knowledge without uniformities can exist. Neither there is any argumentative statement about the non- existence of the memories nor there is any proof of authentication. It can only be mentioned that wherever knowledge is lacking there is no scope of finding amazement (Palacios and Castorina). The statement on the existence of knowledge without the assumption of uniformities is interesting. It can also be argued that the experiential knowledge does not need assumption. For instance, if an individual puts his hand on a burner, he learns that a disastrous burn will be the expected outcome. In such a case no knowledge of uniformity is required. This can be considered as indigenous knowledge too. But there is no scope of the individual to gain knowledge about the fact that the same incident might not happen again or it might happen with another burner. A minimum knowledge is required if the individual wishes to make an upcoming application of the painful experience that he had. To gain knowledge about the uniform behavior of the universe, experiential knowledge can be gained by the individual or from a trustworthy and acceptable source. Thus, uniformity can be regarded as reality and knowledge is holding reality into useable forms for attaining goals at a higher level. The uni formity in behavior leads to production of knowledge. In support and contradiction to the given claim, a lot of assumptions have taken place along with the belief that uniformity exists as similar to the religious belief of the individuals. Bibliography Ferguson, Taylor. "A Correlational Analysis On The Religious Knowledge And Religion Based Discriminatory Tendencies Of Adults Affiliated With Various Faiths." (2016). "WHAT IS RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE ? 22 Aug 1941 The Spectator Archive."The Spectator Archive, 2017, https://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/22nd-august-1941/8/what-is-religious-knowledge-. Wiebe, Donald.Beyond legitimation: essays on the problem of religious knowledge. Springer, 2016. Agrawal, Arun. "Indigenous and scientific knowledge: some critical comments."Antropologi Indonesia(2014). Mulkay, Michael.Science and the Sociology of Knowledge (RLE Social Theory). Routledge, 2014. Ostrom, Elinor.Governing the commons. Cambridge university press, 2015. Fowler, Thomas B. "On the Evolution Controversy."Intelligible Design: A Realistic Approach to the Philosophy and History of Science. 2014. 230-257. Greco, John. "Testimony and the transmission of religious knowledge."Epistemology Philosophy of Science53.3 (2017): 19-47. Palacios, Mariana Garca, and Jos Antonio Castorina. "Studying childrens religious knowledge: Contributions of ethnography and the clinical-critical method."Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science48.4 (2014): 462-478. Woodward, Andrew Ralls.Scientific Models for Religious Knowledge: Is the Scientific Study of Religious Activity Compatible With a" Religious Epistemology"?. Diss. 2016. Kovach, Margaret. "Emerging from the margins: Indigenous methodologies."Research as resistance: revisiting critical, Indigenous, and anti-oppressive approaches(2015): 43. Christen, Kimberly. "Does information really want to be free? Indigenous knowledge systems and the question of openness." (2015).

,ms f,m ,mf s Essay

,ms f,m ,mf s Essay ,ms f,m ,mf s Essay A huge crowd took the streets of Caracas late Monday in a night-time rally against insecurity in Venezuela. People of different ages attended the event featuring opposition candidate Henrique Capriles Radonski that was held eastern Caracas. At some point during the rally, the opposition leader addressed himself to the audience and said, "This is the country we want to build; where we all can walk without any fear." Capriles said that in view that the Government does not lead to any change, then, it was time to change the administration. "Changing that reality will depend on each of you. This is a struggle for the future and life. I invite you to join me to fight united." violence The room is filled with a sweet aroma wafting from the kitchen, but the scene is bitter. Three women sit on a bench; two of them stare and listen intently at the one sitting in the middle. She points at some parts in her body, pulls up her clothes and thereby exposes some bruises and scrapes. "He hit me here, and here. He did all this to me," she sobs. She exposes one side of her torso and then the other side. She is at a turning point in her life where she can be spared another beating, maybe the last and final one. Venezuelan opposition umbrella group MUD said on Wednesday that demagogy and destruction of the country has been the results of the first 100 days of Nicols Maduro leading Venezuela. The group stated that in terms of security, "fake promises" by President Maduro

The eNotes Blog A Day in the Life of a StudentResearcher

A Day in the Life of a StudentResearcher Are you studying for a career in the sciences? Not sure where to begin to gather that lab experience that is oh so important for obtaining your degree and landing a great job? Our Math and Science intern Wilson shares his experiences of finding his place as a student researcher and shares the four lessons hes learnt both inside and outside of the lab. Lab work doesnt always involve looking down the lens of a microscope, one thing I learnt in my work as a student researcher studying autism spectrum disorders in children. For almost 2 years now, I have been a student researcher at UCLA studying the physiology of anxiety in youth with autism spectrum disorders. This position has opened my eyes up to the professional, research-oriented community and taught me to dismiss some of the common misconceptions I had before I received this opportunity. Here are a few things I learned on my way to becoming a student researcher. The application process is not  that  difficult.  Where do I begin to look? This is common problem that many people have, and I had as well. Do I just search online for labs? How do I know if they are looking for student researchers? The answer is a lot easier and more straight-forward than one would think. The most common method for an undergraduate is to use the university website and find their page of open research positions. In a way, finding a research position is a lot like finding a job position, except your chances of success are much higher. Many professors and graduate students at universities are constantly looking for enthused students to help out at their lab, so the list of open positions is almost limitless and is constantly being updated.Heres another effective method: just look up the department that you want to research for and email all the professors in that department asking if they have any room on their team for a student researcher. From my experience ( I applied using both methods), they will usually respond within a day, and more often than not, one of them will welcome you to their lab. Perhaps the hardest part of this relatively simple process is being able to effectively convey your interest and enthusiasm for their field of study. Needless to say though, the resources are all right there. There’s no need to dig around. Theres no need to feel intimidated. Although they may seem intimidating at first, at the end of the day, scientists are just ordinary people. When an interview was set in date for my position, I felt very nervous. One reason was because I only just finished my first year and felt as if I knew nothing about lab work or any of the more in-depth concepts of the human body. A second was because I didn’t want to be rejected, meaning I had to put on a best first impression for a figure of authority, an actual scientist who is so much more knowledgeable than I am. At the interview, I was expecting them to test me on the basic techniques of lab and the concepts of autism. I got very little sleep the night before because I was so busy studying up for this test that I thought was going to happen; however, there was no test. The scientist, or principal investigator (PI) of my lab, was very friendly and happy that I would be able to help out. They happily explained to me the paradigm of t he study and what would be expected out of me. Most scientists, who are recruiting undergraduate students, understand that we may not have the most experience and exposure to research and laboratory procedures so they are very willing to educate and train us for whatever work we may be doing. Not all scientists wear long, white lab coats and nerdy-looking goggles.  My earliest impression of what a scientist wears comes from the show, â€Å"Dexter’s Laboratory.† Long, white lab coats and nerdy-looking goggles. At the very least, I’d thought we would be wearing professional attire, which is what I showed up in at our first group meeting, but soon learned that it was all very casual. If we weren’t dealing with the subjects (children with autism) and their family that day, almost anything goes. Most of us often wear t-shirts and jeans in the lab (I wear shorts because I can’t stand the feel of pants). Test tubes, chemicals, and microscopes are not necessarily the essentials in every research lab.  What?! No chemicals?! Not test tubes?! No microscopes?! What kind of lab is this? I had always thought that research consisted of mixing chemicals together or staring into a microscope, looking at cells, but not all labs involve working with dangerous chemicals or biohazards, which is why casual clothing is appropriate for our lab instead of personal protective equipment (PPE) like lab coats and goggles. Our research study involves a startle (have the subject experience several different situations that might cause anxiety, such as having a sudden puff of air blown near the face or being read a scary story), collection of salivary cortisol (a hormone that is released during states of anxiety), and surveys. As a student researcher, I get to assist during the startle with the subject (a child ages 7-14), such as attaching electrodes onto their skin to detect muscle contraction, monitorin g their reaction through a camera, and running them through one of the nature reserve paradigms to observe their reaction to negative information. The interactions we have with the children and families at these startles are incredibly enlightening and inspirational, providing a sense of purpose in what we do and in all the hours we put forth to better understand this disorder. Outside of the laboratory, my responsibilities include entering data, analyzing electromyograms to validate each trial of the startle, or leading discussions regarding recent research findings on autism. Although less technical than a laboratory that requires the mixing of chemicals or analysis of biomolecular substances, this position has exposed me to how research in the â€Å"real world† is conducted, the process of applying for funding, and all the precautions and rules that a scientist must follow in dealing with human subjects. My position as  a student researcher at UCLA studying the physiology of anxiety in youth with autism spectrum disorders gave me a different look into the realm of scientific research. Although it may not be an ideal research position for a biochemist, such as myself, I am enjoying the role that I play in helping this team progress and reach our goal of better physiological understanding of this disorder so that a more valid diagnosis may be available. This just goes to show that there are lots of meaningful research opportunities out there for all different types of fields, whether it be in the applied sciences, arts, life sciences, social sciences, or engineering. So if you are currently an undergraduate or about to become one, take full use of your available resources, experience what it’s like to actually work in your field, and have fun doing it.

Latin Christian and Russian Orthodox Traditions Term Paper

Latin Christian and Russian Orthodox Traditions - Term Paper Example Rivalry between the Roman popes and the patriarchs of Constantinople for leadership in the Christian world initiated the split of the Christian Church.  Ã‚  The Latin Christian church was formed finally in 1054. Historically, Orthodoxy presents the eastern branch of Christianity.  It is distributed mainly in Eastern Europe, Middle East and the Balkans.  First, the name "Orthodox" (from Greek) appeared in II century.  Ã‚  The Orthodox Christianity did not have a single church center. Ecclesiastical power was concentrated in the hands of four patriarchs.  With the collapse of the Byzantine Empire, each of the patriarchs headed an independent (autocephalous) Orthodox Church. Prince of Kiev, Vladimir Svyatoslavovych, established Orthodoxy as a state religion in Russia.  On his orders, Byzantine clergy baptized people in the capital of Ancient Russia, Kiev, in 988. Both Christian communities accept the basic Christian doctrine and sacramental. Religious life includes magnifice nt church services, the worship of many saints and holy relics.  The confession of the Trinity: Father, Son and Holy Spirit, and the worship of Christ, the Savior, who suffered, died, resurrected from the dead and ascended into heaven is the gospel truth for any believer of the Christian communities. It is the same regarding the acceptance of the doctrines, such as: Mary is the Mother of God  as Christ is God incarnate; the Bible is the inspired word of God; the Holy Spirit dwells in the Church and guides it through the ages; Mary, being Mother of God, is the greatest of the saints. Both Churches profess seven sacraments: Baptism, Confirmation/ Chrismation, Eucharist, Holy Orders, Matrimony, Anointing of the Sick. Nevertheless, along with similarities, there are some differences in the main creeds, cults, and organization of the Latin and the Orthodox Christian Churches. The most significant differences are that the Latin Christians  accept the Bishop of Rome as the spiritual leader of the Church, while the  Orthodox  look to the Patriarch of Constantinople, but only as "First Among Equals" rather than as a pope. The Latin Church  holds that the Holy Spirit proceeds from both Father and Son whilst  Orthodoxy teaches that the Spirit proceeds only from the Father.  Latin Christians  state that Mary was full of grace (sinless) from conception whilst  Orthodox Church  would tend to say that she entered this state only after accepting God's wish that she become Theotokos (Mother of God). Latin Christianity  tends to be prescriptive whilst  Orthodoxy  is mystical, however, both believe in the Real Presence of Christ in the Eucharist. Married men may be ordained as  Orthodox priests (but not bishops) whilst in  Latin Christianity  only single men may be ordained. The style of worship in Orthodoxy is more elaborate. Regardless of the existing theological and non-theological differences, both Christian confessions consider sacramental rituals, the cult of saints, icons and relics a priority. Moreover, the concept of  saints  is common to all branches of Christianity. The Apostle's Creed affirmed by all Christian denominations, states belief in the "communion of saints." In Christian doctrine, the term "saints" refers to all deceased persons who are now in heaven. Saints are special group of holy people, who are

The product development process Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The product development process - Article Example Such demands go in details from quality, affordability, reliability, durability and likeability amongst others. The product development process is such that it is inclusive of all the possible features a potential customer in any part of the world may desire. This paper shall analyze how to develop a product at the Apple Inc. The chosen product is phone line for various models of iPhone. Product development process is a critical area in manufacturing that determines the extent to which a firm may be competitive in its target market. Apple’s products go through the normal development process that many businesses also go through. Before the company launches a product, the product passes through pre-development, development, and post-development. At the predevelopment stages, the company has to go through strategic development, marketing analysis and business plan. To begin with, strategic planning revolves around product project plan. For instance, Apple’s strategic product planning takes into consideration what other competitors are offering. It compares its features against those of other manufacturers in a bid to come up with a new product that meets the market demand. Taking a case study of iPhone 6, it is observable that the pre-development stage maintained some features of the previous version as it improved on some features. All that reflects customers’ desire. For instance, the desire for a slimmer device has not changed. Internal memory is another issue that Apple considers. One of the most important features that Apple considerers is the IOS used in the device. The choice of the IOS enables the product to support features that give it a competitive advantage over its competitors. Whereas it is a common practice for companies to design their new products to conform to the budgetary allocations in the manufacturing and the financial departments, Apple’s